Framework / Assessment Montreal Process on Criteria and Indicators for the Conservation and Sustainable Management of Temperate and Boreal Forests (2009) Summary This indicator provides information on the area and extent of forest by ecosystem type, age class or successional stage protected to safeguard biological diversity and representative examples of forest ecosystem types. This indicator will also help identify forest types of conservation value that are in need of protection. The level of formal protection given to forests is a reflection of the importance society places on their conservation.